Explain and distinguish between Lok Adalats and Arbitration Tribunals. Whether they entertain civil as well as criminal cases?

Examine the need for electoral reforms as suggested by various committees with particular reference to "one nation one election" principle.

Critically analyse the proposition that there is a high correlation between India’s cultural diversities and socio-economic marginalities

Globalization has increased urban migration by skilled, young, unmarried women from various classes. How has this trend impacted upon their personal freedom and relationship with family?

Despite comprehensive policies for equity and social justice, underprivileged sections are not yet getting the full benefits of affirmative action envisaged by the Constitution. Comment.

What is regional disparity? How does it differ from diversity? How serious is the issue of regional disparity in India?

What is a twister? Why are the majority of twisters observed in areas around the Gulf of Mexico?

What are aurora australis and aurora borealis? How are these triggered?

The groundwater potential of the gangetic valley is on a serious decline. How may it affect the food security of India?

How far was the Industrial Revolution in England responsible for the decline of handicrafts and cottage industries in India?

How far is it correct to say that the First World War was fought essentially for the preservation of balance of power?

“Though the great Cholas are no more yet their name is still remembered with great pride because of their highest achievements in the domain of art and architecture.” Comment.

Distinguish between gender equality, gender equity and women’s empowerment. Why is it important to take gender concerns into account in programme design and implementation?

What is the phenomenon of ‘cloudbursts’? Explain.

Why do large cities tend to attract more migrants than smaller towns? Discuss in the light of conditions in developing countries.

What is sea surface temperature rise? How does it affect the formation of tropical cyclones?

What were the events that led to the Quit India Movement? Point out its results.

Estimate the contribution of Pallavas of Kanchi for the development of art and literature of South India.

Underline the changes in the field of society and economy from the Rig Vedic to the later Vedic period.

Ashok is Divisional Commissioner of one of the border districts of the North East State. A few years back, Military has taken over the neighbouring country after overthrowing the elected civil government. Civil war situation is prevailing in the country especially in last two years. However, internal situation further deteriorated due to rebel groups taking over control of certain populated areas near own border. Due to intense fight between military and rebel groups, civilian casualties has increased manifold in recent past. In the meantime, in one night Ashok got information from the local police guarding the border check post that there are about 200-250 people mainly women and children trying to cross over to our side of the border. There are also about 10 soldiers with their weapons in military uniform part of this group who wants to cross over. Women and Children are also crying and begging for help. A few of them are injured and bleeding profusely need immediate medical care. Ashok tried to contact Home Secretary of the State but failed to do so due to poor connectivity mainly due to inclement weather.

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• (a) What are the options available with Ashok to cope with the situation?
• (b) What are the ethical and legal dilemmas being faced by Ashok?
• (c) Which of the options, do you think would be more appropriate for Ashok to adopt and why?
• (d) In the present situation, what are the extra precautionary measures to be taken by the Border Guarding Police in dealing with soldiers in uniform?