NEW The Hindu
Sat 15 Aug 2026 05:25:11 AM ⤴
What we can learn from nature switching off human genes
SUMMARY
Scientists have discovered that nature can effectively "switch off" certain human genes through a process called epigenetics and natural gene silencing. Research reveals some individuals carry loss-of-function mutations that deactivate specific genes without harmful effects, offering invaluable medical insights. By studying these naturally occurring "knockouts," researchers can identify which genes are essential and which are dispensable, potentially guiding drug development. These findings help scientists understand disease mechanisms, discover new therapeutic targets, and predict side effects of drugs designed to block specific gene functions. Populations with high consanguinity rates have proven especially useful for such studies, as they carry more homozygous knockouts. This natural experiment essentially does what laboratory gene-editing aims to achieve, providing a safe, ethical roadmap for precision medicine and personalized treatments for conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and obesity.
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