Since the decade of the 1920s, the national movement acquired various ideological strands and thereby expanded its social base. Discuss.

Persian literary sources of medieval India reflect the spirit of the age. Comment.

Indian Philosophy and tradition played a significant role in conceiving and shaping the monuments and their art in India. Discuss.

Do you agree that regionalism in India appears to be a consequence of rising cultural assertiveness? Argue.

COVID-19 pandemic accelerated class inequalities and poverty in India. Comment.

Has caste lost its relevance in understanding the multi-cultural Indian Society? Elaborate your answer with illustrations.

Account for the present location of iron and steel industries away from the source of raw material, by giving examples.

How will the melting of Himalayan glaciers have a far-reaching impact on the water resources of India?

The process of desertification does not have climate boundaries. Justify with examples.

Discuss the geophysical characteristics of Circum-Pacific Zone.

Evaluate the policies of Lord Curzon and their long term implications on the national movements.

Pala period is the most significant phase in the history of Buddhism in India. Enumerate.

The rock-cut architecture represents one of the most important sources of our knowledge of early Indian art and history. Discuss.

“Discuss the key challenges in managing chemical disasters and suggest measures to strengthen preparedness and emergency response.”

“Discuss the major cybersecurity challenges faced by India’s banking sector. Suggest measures to strengthen customer data protection.”

Discuss the role of highway infrastructure and modern roadside amenities in improving road connectivity, road safety and regional economic development in India.

The credibility of democratic elections depends on the independence, transparency and accountability of the Election Commission of India. Examine the major challenges faced by the ECI and suggest measures to strengthen its institutional effectiveness.

“The police uniform represents not only authority but also public trust and responsibility.” Discuss the ethical values required by police personnel to uphold public confidence and ensure effective law enforcement.

Ethnic violence in India's Northeast highlights the complex relationship between internal security, social tensions and governance. Discuss the measures required to restore peace and ensure lasting stability in Manipur.

Pawan is working as an officer in the State Government for the last ten years. As a part of routine transfer, he was posted to another department. He joined in a new office along with five other colleagues. The head of the office was a senior officer conversant with the functioning of the office. As a part of general inquiry, Pawan gathered that his senior officer carries the reputation of being difficult and insensitive person having his own disturbed family life. Initially, all seem to go well. However, after some time Pawan felt that the senior officer was belittling him and at times unreasonable. Whatever suggestions given or views expressed by Pawan in the meetings were summarily rejected and the senior officer would express displeasure in the presence of others. It became a pattern of boss’s style of functioning to show him in bad light highlighting his shortcomings and humiliating publically. It became apparent that though there are no serious work-related problems/shortcomings, the senior officer was always on one pretext or the other and would scold and shout at him. The continuous harassment and public criticism of Pawan resulted in loss of confidence, self-esteem and equanimity. Pawan realized that his relations with his senior officer are becoming more toxic and due to this, he felt perpetually tensed, anxious and stressed. His mind was occupied with negativity and caused him mental torture, anguish and agony. Eventually, it badly affected his personal and family life. He was no longer joyous, happy and contented even t home. Rather without any reason he would loose his temper with his wife and other family members. The family environment was no longer pleasant and congenial. His wife who was always supportive to him also became a victim of his negativity and hostile behaviour. Due to harassment and humiliation suffering by him in the office, comfort and happiness virtually vanished from his life. Thus it damaged his physical and mental health.

1. What are the options available with Pawan to cope with the situation?
2. What approach Pawan should adopt for bringing peace, tranquillity and congenial environment in the office and home?
3. As an outsider, what are your Suggestions for both boss and subordinate to overcome this situation and for improving the work performance, mental and emotional hygiene?
4. In the above scenario, what type of training would you suggest for at various levels in the government offices?