Analyse the role of economic sanctions in international relations and examine their limitations.

भारत में दवाओं के मूल्य विनियमन की चुनौतियों पर चर्चा कीजिए। उपभोक्ता हितों की रक्षा के लिए आवश्यक उपाय सुझाइए। 

Discuss the scientific significance of Earth's oldest evidence of life and examine the need to conserve ancient geological formations.

Examine the role of the International Criminal Court in ensuring international accountability. Discuss the challenges posed by sanctions and limited state cooperation. 

भारत और अमेरिका के बीच प्रस्तावित व्यापार समझौते के संदर्भ में, भारत के निर्यात, घरेलू उद्योगों तथा आर्थिक विकास पर द्विपक्षीय व्यापार समझौतों के संभावित प्रभावों की चर्चा कीजिए।

गगनयान मिशन भारत की वैज्ञानिक एवं तकनीकी क्षमताओं में एक महत्वपूर्ण उपलब्धि है। भारत के मानव अंतरिक्ष कार्यक्रम के महत्व, प्रमुख चुनौतियों और भविष्य की संभावनाओं पर चर्चा कीजिए।

Discuss the role of the Central Government in addressing law-and-order concerns in states. How can Centre–State cooperation strengthen internal security while respecting the federal structure?

“Rising trade tensions between the European Union and China reflect the challenge of balancing domestic industrial protection with the benefits of globalisation.” Discuss.

Examine the changing security environment in the Indo-Pacific and discuss its implications for Japan's defence policy and India's strategic interests.

“Economic sanctions against energy-exporting countries have implications beyond bilateral relations, affecting global energy security and the economic interests of third countries.” Discuss with reference to the Russia–Ukraine conflict.

Examine the causes and consequences of rising fiscal deficits in developed economies. Suggest measures to ensure long-term fiscal sustainability.

“Economic sanctions have emerged as an important instrument of foreign policy, but their effectiveness depends on international cooperation and geopolitical circumstances.” Discuss.

“Underreporting of rabies deaths in India highlights the limitations of disease surveillance and equitable access to healthcare.” Examine the causes and suggest measures to address the problem.

“Balancing national sovereignty with international human rights concerns remains a major challenge in contemporary international relations.” Discuss with reference to India's response to foreign criticism of the NRC in Assam and the situation in Kashmir.

“India's response to cross-border terrorism requires a balance between credible military deterrence, diplomatic engagement and long-term security measures.”

“Control over critical technologies and supply chains has emerged as an important instrument of geopolitical power.” Discuss in the context of China's proposed export restrictions and examine their implications for India.

“Economic sanctions are an important instrument of foreign policy, but their effectiveness depends on geopolitical circumstances and economic interdependence.” Discuss with reference to Western sanctions against Russia. 

“India's efforts to prevent evergreening of pharmaceutical patents reflect the need to balance intellectual property protection with public health priorities.”

“The recurring detention of Indian fishermen by the Sri Lankan Navy highlights the intersection of maritime boundary management, livelihood security and bilateral relations.” Examine the major challenges involved and suggest measures to address the issue.

“Sample-return missions represent an important advancement in planetary exploration and our understanding of the Solar System.” Discuss the scientific significance of Japan’s MMX mission and examine the broader importance of international planetary exploration.